International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archive

Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Chinese Herbal Medicine Cinnamon and it’s Active Constitute: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Neha Thakur, Dishant Gupta, Archana Tiwari — Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women, characterized by hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and metabolic dysfunctions. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine, particularly cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.), has gained attention for its potential therapeutic effects in managing PCOS. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the efficacy of cinnamon and its active constituents in alleviating PCOS symptoms, including insulin resistance, menstrual irregularities, and hyperandrogenism. A comprehensive search of databases was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical studies assessing cinnamon’s effects in PCOS management. The meta-analysis revealed that cinnamon supplementation significantly improved insulin sensitivity, reduced fasting blood glucose levels, and regulated menstrual cycles compared to placebo. In addition, its active compounds, such as cinnamaldehyde and polyphenols, demonstrated anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing properties. However, variations in study design, sample size, and intervention duration pose challenges in establishing definitive conclusions. Further high-quality, large-scale RCTs are necessary to validate these findings and optimize the therapeutic use of cinnamon in PCOS management. This review highlights the potential role of cinnamon as an adjunct therapy in improving metabolic and reproductive health outcomes in PCOS patients.

Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Hemigraphis Alternata and Ocimum Sanctum Against Wound-Infecting Bacteria: A Preliminary Investigation

Parvathy Prasad — Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The antibacterial activities of Hemigraphis alternata and Ocimum sanctum methanolic extracts were evaluated against wound pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The agar well diffusion method was used as a qualitative assessment to observe the antibacterial effect of the methanolic extract of H. alternata and O. sanctum against wound-infecting bacteria. H. alternata exhibited a significant zone of inhibition at 500 microgram per milliliter against P. aeruginosa (16 mm) and S. aureus (14 mm), with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 100 microgram per milliliter. Conversely, O. sanctum showed a zone of inhibition of 12 mm against P. aeruginosa at 1000 microgram per milliliter but exhibited no activity against S. aureus, with an MIC of 1000 microgram per milliliter. These findings suggest that methanolic extracts of H. alternata and O. sanctum have potential as components in wound healing formulations to enhance antibacterial efficacy.

An Analytical Study of Kushmanda avaleha to Evaluate its Safest Ayurvedic Preparation

Ambika Choudhary — Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Childhood undernutrition is a contributing factor to an estimated 35% of all fatalities among children under the age of five, as well as 21% of total worldwide disability-adjusted life years lost among children under five. There is an ongoing need to provide nutritious food that is both body and nature friendly, and that successfully meets the daily caloric requirements of the developing children. Better nutrients will be made accessible to eliminate or ameliorate malnutrition-related diseases. The need of the hour is for it to be cost-effective and affordable to the bulk of the targeted population with poor socioeconomic level. In this regard, Ayurvedic formulations based on the global approach can give a superior option, and following a successful trial, they might be implemented in National Nutritional Programmes. Kushmanda Avaleha is one of the traditional Ayurvedic formulation described in Vangasen’s Chikitsa sara samgrah which was taken up for the present study on Karshya (undernutrition). Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to prepare Kushmanda Avaleha as per the textual reference and evaluate its organoleptic, physicochemical parameters and thin- layer chromatography according to the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (API). Materials and Methods: Kushmanda Avaleha was prepared from 12 different ingredients viz-Kushmanda (Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.), Pippali (Piper longum Linn.), Jeeraka (Cuminum cyminum Linn.), Sunthi (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), Tvak (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn.), Ela (Elettaria cardamomum Maton), Patra (Cinnamomum tamala Nees and Eberm.), Dhanyaka (Coriandrum sativum Linn.), Marich (Piper nigrum Linn.), Ghrita, honey, and sugar. The preparation involved the preparation of powders, Kushmanda pulp, and a cooking process (Paka), followed by the combination of ingredients and storage. Analytical investigations were conducted to assess the physicochemical parameters such as loss on drying, acid-insoluble ash, total sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, and fat content. Results: The results showed that Kushmanda Avaleha exhibited a moisture content of 5.26%, acid-insoluble ash below the quantifiable limit, total sugar content of 60.62%, reducing sugar content of 14.21%, non-reducing sugar content of 46.41%, and fat content of 5.01%. Discussion: These values were within the standard limits prescribed by API, indicating that the formulation was of high quality, with low moisture, minimal inorganic impurities, and a balanced sugar composition, which supports its stability and efficacy. Conclusion: The study concluded that Kushmanda Avaleha was found a safe, effective, and stable formulation with a long shelf life, suitable for its intended therapeutic uses.

An Analytical Study to Ascertain the Safety of Dashmooli Kwath (Syrup)

Dinesh Kumar Verma — Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Worldwide, respiratory problems pose a serious threat to public health. Asthma is among one of the most prevalent respiratory conditions. According to WHO estimates, 300 million people worldwide suffer with bronchial asthma at the moment. In India, the prevalence at age six to seven varies between 4 and 32%. According to its signs and symptoms, causation, prognosis, and treatment, Tamaka Shwasa is a disease entity in Ayurveda that is comparable to bronchial asthma in contemporary terminology. The use of bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and anticholinergics, which have long-term adverse effects and dose dependency, are among the modern therapeutic techniques for bronchial asthma. In the present scenario, one of the effective Ayurvedic formulations used for the present study was Dashmooli Kwath (Syrup). Dashmooli kwath (syrup) was prepared as per the Ayurvedic classics indicated in Tamaka Shwasa (Bronchial Asthma). Dashmooli kwath (syrup) reference was taken from the Chakradatta text book chapter Hikka Shwasa and prepared in Nagarjuna Rasayanashala of Post Graduate Institute of Ayurved, Jodhpur. Aims and Objectives: To analyze the organoleptic character, physiochemical parameters and TLC of Dashmooli kwath (syrup) Dashmooli Kwath (syrup). Materials and Methods: Dashmooli Kwath (syrup) formulations was evaluated. Results and Discussion: The analytical values of the formulation were under the normal values, which indicates that the formulation are standardized, safe and effective in the management of Tamaka Shwasa (Bronchial Asthma). Conclusion: On the basis of the present study it was concluded that Dashmooli Kwath (Syrup) was found safe in analytical study which was deployed in the treatment of Tamaka Shwasa in children

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Soap for Fairness and Glowing Skin

Nitisha Badwani, Aarti Nandwana, Archana Dubey, P. K. Dubey — Sat, 15 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Herbal soap is a type of soap made using natural ingredients derived from various herbs and plants. Herbs such as lavender, mint, rosemary, and chamomile are commonly used in making herbal soap. At present, a significant number of cosmetic products are adulterated, and numerous other beauty preparations available in the market are of inferior quality, posing potential risks of side effects such as skin rashes, allergic reactions, and even the development of skin diseases. Collection of the necessary ingredients: A high-quality soap base, such as caustic soda or coconut oil, is needed. The herbal ingredients, such as essential oils, dried herbs, and botanical powders, are collected. After melting the soap base, take it off the heat and incorporate the herbal ingredients by stirring them in dried herbs, essential oils, or powders are used. Add the herbs slowly and stir continuously to ensure they are evenly distributed throughout the soap. Once the herbs are added, pour the soap mixture into molds. Silicone molds or plastic containers coated with cooking spray are used. Let it cool and harden for hours or overnight. The study investigated the efficacy and consumer perception of a newly formulated herbal soap derived from natural ingredients, focusing on its cleansing properties and dermatological effects.